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王伟伟
雅思阅读考试中，准确快速的选出题干中的关键词对于解题效率起着至关重要的作用，尤其是在Y/N/NG题目的解题过程中，虽然每个人可能会有不同的侧重点和解题方法，以下四类词在快速有效的解题过程中所起的作用不可忽视，它们分别是：限定词，数字词，否定词和比较词
这里所指的限定词一般为形容词，副词词性，往往对句中的某一个成分做一个意义上的限定，使其表达的含义受限，从而易于与文章中的表述出现discrepancy或有所对应, 是Y/N/NG题型中常见的出题方式
例如：Allcultures have been able to express large numbers clearly.
文中的表达为：The lack of ability of some cultures to deal with large mumbers is not really surprising.
这里与限定词All很明显的矛盾是我们做出判断的主要依据
Sales representatives like Kim Sachaefer work to a very limited budget.
文中的表达为：But on any given day, what Schaefer can offer is typical for today’s drugs rep--a car truck full of promotional gifts and gadgets, a budget that could buy lunches and dinners for a small country, hundreds of free drug samples and the freedom to give a physician $ 200 to prescribe her new products to the next six patients who fit the drug’s profile. And she also has a few $1,000 honoraria to offer in exchange for doctor’s attendance at her company’s next educational lecture/
文中虽没对题目直接给出答案，但大段的描述都是在映衬着那个限定词Very的错误，使判断变得愈加明朗
这里的数字词是指任何形式的数字，数量，比例等表达
例如：Nowadays freight is not carried by water in the United Kingdom.
文中的表达为：Today about 90 percent of inland freight in the United Kingdom is carried by road.
题目中的Not所表示的没有也是数字的一种，由文中的90% 和by road 我们得不出 by water 的not, 所以答案选择Not Given。
Endangered language cannot be saved unless people learn to speak more than one language.
文中的表达为：Most of these languages will not survive without a large degree of bilingualism.
题目中的More than one由文中的bilingualism完美的进行了转述，数字上的表达常是Y/N/NG题的考点
这里的否定词指任何形式的否定，Not否定，Never，seldom等副词否定，前缀否定以及任何带有消极含义的表达
例如：Computers are having a negative impact on literacy in schools.
文中的表达为：There is no reason why the new and old media cannot be intergrated in schools to provide the skills to become economically productive and politically enfranchised.
题目中的Negative为含有消极含义的词汇，该单词是对题目进行判断的重点
Salaries have not risen significantly since the 1970s.
文中的表达为：In fact, working hours have increased noticeably since 1970----perhaps because real wages have stagnated since that year.
找到了和Not rise想呼应的stagnate才可以真确的作出判断。
这里的比较词指任何两个主题间关系的对比和比较，这样的题目需要首先将比较的主题定位，然后对照比较词是否一致，然后做出判断
The Tsimshian language contains both older and newer systems of counting.
文中的表述为：It seems that the last is a later development while the first six groups show the relics of an older system.
题目中的older和newer分别由文中的older和later所指代，这是确定本题答案的关键。
